ABSTRACT This paper aims to support decision-making for the return of classes to determine actions to reduce the problems arising from the pandemic through a multi-methodological approach using Value-focused thinking (VFT) and Rich Picture (RP). The case study includes a Brazilian small university, in a region with social and economic vulnerability. Six stakeholders representing the students, the municipality community and the university were interviewed from which the hierarchy of fundamental objectives and an objectives’ network unfolded in education, health, and community were created. Even though health concerns were shared by all stakeholders, these networks revealed a variety of perspectives not typically discussed in large universities, such as access to information and communication technologies; awareness of biosafety measures; and real estate vacancy. These findings indicate that future research should address the specific needs of small universities in vulnerable cities, particularly those in developing and underdeveloped countries, where universities’ presence fosters the economy.

ABSTRACT This study aims to analyze the experiences of individuals involved in a project that had to quickly transition to remote work during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected in late 2020, a period when remote work was intensive, and effective drugs and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 virus were not yet available. To collect the data, a link to a questionnaire was made available in project management groups on social networks. Out of a total of 162 voluntary respondents, data from duplicate records and those who were not involved in the project during the pandemic were excluded, resulting in 134 valid responses. The focus was on the perception of remote work in relation to project success criteria and respondent profiles. Data analysis was conducted using an ordered classification method, utilizing Likert frequency counts, data segmentation, and the k-modes clustering method, supported by the R programming language. The findings indicate that remote work has a positive influence on project performance. However, the impact varies across different respondent profiles. Data segmentation suggests that male participants, unmarried respondents, individuals without children or elderly dependents, those without a dedicated workspace, and project managers (when compared to team members) perceive remote work to have a less favorable impact on project success. In the cluster analysis using k-modes, data was organized into two clusters, and it was observed that within Cluster 2, which had a comparatively lower perceived performance, there were more components with similar profiles highlighted in the data segmentation analysis. This suggests that the multi-factorial effect is consistent with the individual segmentation of each profile variable. These insightful findings have significant implications for the development of tailored project continuity plans, particularly in situations requiring a swift transition to remote work. The study’s main contribution lies in its innovative approach to distinguish between participant profiles, providing valuable insights into various criteria for project success.

Abstract Objectives To describe the theoretical procedures employed in the process of cross-cultural adaptation (CCA) for Brazil of the Child Mania Rating Scale - Parent Version (CMRS-P). Methods Seven steps were carried out: (1) translations and synthesis; (2) Committee of Judges-I; (3) grammatical review; (4) Committee of Judges-II; (5) semantic analysis (pre-test); (6) back-translation; and (7) discussion with the authors of the original instrument. Participants were two professional translators, 14 experts, a grammar proofreader, and 21 parents/guardians, representatives of the target population. The results were analyzed in terms of the percentage of agreement between evaluators and the content validity coefficient (CVC) and by analysis of comments and suggestions. Results Grammatical and cultural adjustments were made, in addition to substitution and/or inclusion of words and examples. Adequacy agreement indexes exceeding 86% were achieved and the CVC result for the total scale was excellent (0.95). The pre-test indicated good acceptance and understanding by participants. Conclusion The proposed version proved to be promising for use in the Brazilian context, although further psychometric studies are still needed to prove the scale’s validity and reliability.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of defense mechanisms at baseline on depressive symptoms after brief psychotherapies and after 6-months of follow-up among depressed patients with and without cluster B personality disorders (PDs). Methods: This quasi-experimental study nested within a randomized clinical trial included a clinical sample of adults (18-60 years) diagnosed with major depressive disorder using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. The Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory-III was applied to assess PD, the Defense Style Questionnaire 40 was used to analyze defense mechanisms, and the Beck Depression Inventory was used to measure the severity of depressive symptoms. Adjusted analysis was performed by linear regression. Results: The final sample consisted of 177 patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder, of whom 39.5% had cluster B PDs. Immature defenses at baseline significantly predicted the persistence of depressive symptoms at post-intervention and at 6-months of follow-up only in patients with PDs. Conclusion: In depressed patients with cluster B PDs, immature defenses predicted a poor response to brief therapies. The assessment of immature defenses at baseline can help identify patients at greater risk of poor therapeutic results and enable more appropriate treatment choices.

Abstract Introduction Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been growing progressively as treatment options in the field of mental health. Aim: To assess the impact of mindfulness-based interventions for reducing suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Methods A systematic review was performed in December 2020 using PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SciELO, Pepsic, and LILACS databases with no year restrictions. The search strategy included the terms (‘mindfulness’ OR ‘mindfulness-based’) AND (‘suicide’ OR ‘suicidal’ OR ‘suicide risk’ OR ‘suicide attempt’ OR ‘suicide ideation’ OR ‘suicide behavior’). The protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), CRD42020219514. Results A total of 14 studies met all inclusion criteria and were included in this review. Most of the studies presented Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy as the MBI assessed (n=10). An emerging and rapidly growing literature on MBI presents promising results in reduction of suicide risk, particularly in patients with MDD. Four studies assessing other MBI treatment protocols (Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction; Daily Mindfulness Meditation Practice; Mind Body Awareness and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Behavior Therapy) all demonstrated that MBI reduces factors associated with suicide risk. Conclusion MBI might target specific processes and contribute to suicide risk reduction.

RESUMO Embora a mandioca seja uma cultura pouco exigente em termos de fertilidade química do solo, a escassez de nutrientes afeta a produtividade da cultura, sendo comum o seu cultivo em solos de baixa fertilidade natural, como ocorre nos Tabuleiros Costeiros. Nesse contexto, o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os atributos físicos e químicos de solos cultivados com mandioca sob diferentes manejos. O estudo foi realizado no município de São Felipe, inserido na unidade paisagística Tabuleiros Costeiros, Bahia, Brasil. Quinze propriedades foram selecionadas para avaliar as características dos solos cultivados com mandioca sob diferentes manejos. As coletas de solo foram realizadas durante os meses de outubro e novembro de 2018, período de seca na região. A textura média do solo foi predominante nas diferentes áreas de manejo de cultivo de mandioca. A maioria das áreas apresentou pH abaixo da faixa recomendada para mandioca (5,5 a 6,5), saturação por base abaixo de 50% e baixo teor de fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio, de acordo com as necessidades nutricionais da cultura. Os dois primeiros componentes principais explicaram 84,65% da variância. Assim, foi possível verificar que a diversidade de manejo das áreas de produção de mandioca resulta em alta ou muito alta variabilidade dos atributos químicos do solo. Os atributos pH, P, Al, H + Al, V, CEC e MO são os mais representativos na distinção dos solos das áreas de cultivo de mandioca avaliadas.

ABSTRACT Although cassava is an undemanding crop in terms of soil chemical fertility, the scarcity of nutrients affects crop productivity, and it is common to cultivate it in soils with low natural fertility, as occurs in Coastal Tablelands. In this context, the present study aimed to evaluate the physical and chemical attributes of soils cultivated with cassava under different managements. The study was carried out in the municipality of São Felipe, located in the landscape unit of Coastal Tablelands, Bahia state, Brazil. Fifteen properties were selected to evaluate the characteristics of soils cultivated with cassava under different types of management. Soil sampling was carried out during the months of October and November 2018, a dry period in the region. The medium-textured soil was predominant in the different areas of management of cassava cultivation. Most areas showed pH below the recommended range for cassava (5.5 to 6.5), base saturation below 50% and low phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium contents, according to the crop’s nutritional needs. The first two principal components explained 84.65% of the total variance. Thus, it was possible to verify that the diversity of management of cassava production areas results in high or very high variability of soil chemical attributes. The attributes pH, P, Al, H + Al, V, CEC and OM are the most representative in the distinction of soils of the cassava cultivation areas evaluated.

RESUMO Elementos-traços em altas concentrações são um grande problema a nível mundial. O monitoramento de áreas naturais com alta concentração destes elementos, como solos sob influência de gossans, é importante, por existir pouca informação disponível. Objetivou-se neste trabalho avaliar as concentrações pseudototais e disponíveis de Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn no solo e seu acúmulo em plantas nativas e cultivadas na área sob influência de gossan no semiárido no Brasil. Amostras de solo (0-20 cm) foram coletadas no norte, sul e área central do gossan e em cinco transecções separadas em 1000 m. Determinou-se a concentração pseudototal (EPA3050A) e disponível (DTPA, Mehlich) de Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn. Nos mesmos pontos, amostras de plantas foram coletadas e processadas para determinação da concentração e fator de bioconcentração de Fe, Mn, Pb e Zn. Os solos sob influência do gossan apresentaram alta concentração de Pb e Zn (excedendo os valores de referência de qualidade), indicando que cuidados devem ser tomados nessas áreas para evitar qualquer risco para a comunidade local. As plantas apresentaram diferentes padrões de acumulação, com maior acúmulo de elementos-traço na parte aérea (Fe, Mn, Zn), enquanto o Pb foi acumulado principalmente nas raízes. Embora as concentrações no solo fossem altas, as plantas apresentaram, em geral, baixo fator de bioconcentração dos potenciais elementos tóxicos, com exceção do Zn, indicando que as condições do solo limitam sua disponibilidade.

ABSTRACT Trace elements in high concentrations are a huge problem worldwide. Monitoring of natural areas with a high concentration of these elements, such as soils under the influence of gossans, is important since there is little information available. This study aimed to evaluate the pseudo total and available concentrations of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn in the soil and its accumulation in native and cultivated plants in the area under the influence of gossan in the Semiarid region in Brazil. Soil samples (0-20 cm) were collected in the North, South, and center areas of the gossan and five transections separated by 1000 m. The pseudo total (EPA3050A) and available concentration (DTPA, Mehlich) of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn were determined. In the same points, plant samples were collected and processed to determine the concentration and bioconcentration factor of Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn. Soils under the influence of the gossan had high Pb and Zn concentration (exceeding soil reference values), indicating that care should be taken in these areas to prevent any risk for the local community. Plants showed different accumulation patterns, with a higher accumulation of trace elements in the shoot (Fe, Mn, Zn), while Pb was primarily accumulated in the roots. Even though soil concentrations were high, plants showed in general, low bioconcentration factor of the potentially toxic elements, except for Zn, indicating that soil conditions limit their availability.

Objective: Clinical and biological correlates of resilience in major depressive disorder are scarce. We aimed to investigate the effect of the Val66Met polymorphism in the BDNF gene on resilience scores in major depressive disorder patients and evaluate the polymorphism’s moderation effect on resilience scores in response to cognitive therapy. Method: A total of 106 major depressive disorder patients were enrolled in this clinical randomized study. The Resilience Scale and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression were applied at baseline, post-treatment, and at six months of follow-up. Blood samples were obtained at baseline for molecular analysis. Results: The baseline resilience scores were higher in patients with the Met allele (114.6±17.6) than in those with the Val/Val genotype (104.04±21.05; p = 0.037). Cognitive therapy treatment increased resilience scores (p ≤ 0.001) and decreased depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.001). In the mixed-effect model, the Val/Val genotype represented a decrease in resilience scores (t218 = -1.98; p = 0.048), and the Val66Met polymorphism interacted with sex to predict an increase in total resilience scores during cognitive treatment (t218 = 2.69; p = 0.008). Conclusion: Our results indicate that cognitive therapy intervention could improve resilience in follow-up, considering that gender and genetic susceptibility are predicted by the Val66Met polymorphism.

Abstract In this paper, we introduce a new general class of trigonometric distributions based on the tangent function, called the Tan-G class. A mathematical procedure of the Tan-G class is carried out, including expansions for the probability density function, moments, central moments and Rényi entropy. The estimates are acquired in a non-closed form by the maximum likelihood estimation method. Then, an emphasis is put on a particular member of this class defined with the Burr XII distribution as baseline, called the Tan-BXII distribution. The inferential properties of the Tan-BXII model are investigated. Finally, the Tan-BXII model is applied to a practical data set, illustrating the interest of the Tan-G class for the practitioner.

Resumen En este artículo, introducimos una nueva clase general de distribuciones trigonométricas basada en la función tangente, llamada la clase Tan-G. Se lleva a cabo un procedimiento matemático para la clase Tan-G, incluyendo expansiones para la función de densidad de probabilidad, momentos, momentos centrales y entropía de Rényi. Las estimaciones se obtienen en forma no-cerrada para el método de estimación de máxima verosimilitud. Luego, se pone énfasis en un miembro particular de esta clase definido con la distribución Burr XII como línea de base, llamada la distribución Tan-BXII. Se investigan las propiedades inferenciales del modelo Tan-BXII. Finalmente, el modelo Tan-BXII es aplicado para un conjunto de datos prácticos, ilustrando el interés de la clase Tan-G para el practicante.

Abstract Vertisols presenting kaolinite codominance or prevalence were already reported in several countries worldwide. However, the literature has few studies focused on investigating the influence of this clay mineral in soil geotechnical behavior. This study aimed to carry out the characterization of Vertisols in Bahia State, Brazil, to understand the influence of physical, chemical, and mineralogical properties on their geotechnical behavior, as these soils have high natural fertility and have been used for agricultural activity, but with great risk due to their physical and geotechnical properties. Six Vertisols were selected, three located in Juazeiro County (Semiarid region) and the other three in Recôncavo region. Geotechnical characterization of selected soils was carried out in their respective diagnostic horizons by determining properties such as granulometric curve, Atterberg limits, clay activity, linear expansion coefficient, compaction capacity, cohesion (c), and internal friction angle (ϕ) of saturated soils. Soil expansion potential was associated with expansive clay contents and clay content in each soil sample. The best soil compaction efficiency was observed for kaolinitic Vertisol, which presented greater void ratio reduction and higher density due to moisture increase. In addition, c increased as kaolinite content also increased and decreased as clay content increased in soils presenting similar mineralogy. On the other hand, ϕ was influenced mainly by granulometry since higher sand and gravel levels enabled higher ϕ, regardless of clay type.

Resumen: En el inicio de este siglo, la marcha continua del capitalismo en la Amazonia brasileña alcanza áreas protegidas, espacios destinados a la preservación y conservación de la naturaleza, y la protección de los territorios tradicionales de los pueblos amazónicos. Estas dinámicas territoriales aumentan las presiones sociopolíticas y económicas en los espacios institucionalizados para garantizar formas sociales de uso colectivo de la tierra y la naturaleza, que garantizan directamente la protección de los servicios ambientales para la sociedad. Analizamos este fenómeno empírico en el estado de Rondônia, localizado en el sur de la Amazonia brasileña, problematizando estos procesos en los territorios de los pueblos indígenas y recolectores de caucho (comunidad tradicional). Se concluye que la expansión de la frontera promovida por los grupos económicos (pecuaria, madera, acaparamiento de tierras, minería y soja), con el apoyo del Estado, alcanza la protección ambiental y cultural de los pueblos amazónicos con fuertes transgresiones a las leyes de organización territorial, cuyo resultado establece un proceso social vinculado a la violencia, al crimen ambiental y la negación de los derechos humanos y territoriales de los grupos sociales directamente afectados.

Abstract: In the beginning of this century, the continuous march of capitalism in the brazilian Amazonia reaches protected areas, spaces destined to the preservation and conservation of nature, and protection to the traditional territories of the Amazonian peoples. These territorial dynamics increase socio-political and economic pressures in the institutionalized spaces to guarantee social forms of collective use of land and nature, which directly guarantee the protection of environmental services for the society. We analyze this empirical phenomenon in the state of Rondônia, located in the southern brazilian Amazonia, problematizing these processes in the territories of indigenous peoples and rubber tappers (traditional community). We conclude that the expansion of the frontier promoted by economic groups (livestock, madeira, land-grabbers, mining and soya), with the support of the State, reaches the environmental and cultural protection of the Amazonian peoples with strong transgressions to the laws of territorial ordering, the result of which a social process linked to violence, environmental crime and the denial of human and territorial rights of social groups directly affected.

Resumo: Neste início de século, a contínua marcha do capitalismo na Amazônia brasileira atinge as Áreas Protegidas, espaços destinados à preservação, à conservação da natureza, e proteção aos territórios tradicionais dos povos amazônicos. Essas dinâmicas territoriais ampliam as pressões sociopolíticas e econômicas nos espaços institucionalizados a garantir formas sociais de uso coletivo da terra e da natureza, que diretamente asseguram a proteção dos serviços ambientais para a sociedade. Analisa-se esse fenômeno empírico no estado de Rondônia, localizado na Amazônia meridional brasileira, problematizando esses processos nos territórios dos povos indígenas e seringueiros (comunidade tradicional). Conclui-se que a expansão da fronteira promovida pelos grupos econômicos (pecuária, madeira, grileiros, mineração e soja), com apoio do Estado, atingem a proteção ambiental e cultural dos povos amazônicos com fortes transgressões às leis de ordenamento territorial, cujo resultado institui um processo social vinculado à violência, ao crime ambiental e à negação dos direitos humanos e territoriais dos grupos sociais diretamente afetados.

Abstract Background Posttraumatic stress disorder consists of a set of symptoms that occurs in response to one or more traumatic events and can occur in postpartum, from traumatic situations related to the birth or to the baby’s health in the first days of life. It is important tracking the presence of birth trauma, but there is not available instruments in the Brazilian context for this purpose. Objectives To present the cross-cultural adaptation of City Birth Trauma Scale (BiTS) into Brazilian portuguese. Methods Cross-cultural adaptation involved independent translations, synthesis,back-translation, and submission to the original author’s appreciation. After the scale was subjected to face validity, followed by a pilot study with postpartum mothers. Results All steps were performed for the cross-cultural adaptation. Regarding face validity, items evaluated concerning different types of equivalence, presented satisfactory agreement values (≥4.20). Most of the expert’s suggestions were followed, being the main ones related to adjustments in prepositions, pronouns and verbal subjects. Pilot study showed that the mothers had been able to understand and respond to the instrument without adjustments. Discussion BiTS’s Brazilian version proved to be cross-culturally adapted, ensuring the possibility of intercultural data comparison from the semantic, idiomatic, cultural, and conceptual perspectives. New studies are being conducted to attest its psychometric adequacy.

Abstract Introduction Childhood trauma has been suggested to be involved in susceptibility to bipolar disorder (BP). However, it remains unclear whether the occurrence of childhood trauma is differently distributed in subthreshold bipolar disorder (SBP). Objective To assess childhood trauma in young adults with SBP, as compared to young adults with BP and population controls (PC). Method This was a cross-sectional, population-based study. The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was used to define the groups with BP (subjects with a lifetime or current manic episode or lifetime or current hypomania with a history of a depressive episode), SBP (subjects with a history of hypomanic episode without lifetime or current depressive episode), and subjects without mood disorders (PC). Childhood trauma was assessed using de Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). We investigated differences regarding childhood trauma across the three groups (BP, SBP and PC). Result Except for sexual abuse, all subtypes of childhood trauma remained associated with the BP group as compared to PC. Additionally, when we compared SBP and BP, significant differences were found only for emotional abuse. No significant differences were found in relation to childhood trauma between the SBP and PC groups after adjusting for confounding factors. Conclusion These findings suggest that investigating childhood trauma, with a particular focus on emotional abuse, could be considered a preventive measure and potentially improve the prognosis.

Abstract Background The Emotional and Affective Composite Temperament (AFECT) model describes originally six traits of volition, anger, inhibition (fear and caution subordinate factors), control, sensitivity, and coping. However, fear and caution have shown opposite relatioships with criteria-variables, indicating factor independence. Objective The current investigation aimed to advance in the evaluation of the psychometric properties of the emotional trait section of the Emotional and Affective Composite Temperament Scale (AFECTS) by examining the suitability of a 7-factor structure and the reliability of each scale using data from a population-based sample. Methods AFECTS was administered via face-to-face assessments in a single-session, population-based cross-sectional survey. Samples was composed of teenagers and adults (14 to 35 years). The latent structure and reliability were analyzed via structural equation modeling: confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the a priori correlated 7-factor model (with fear and caution designed as single-factors) and trait-scores reliability was assessed by the estimation of information curves. Results Findings attested the suitability of the 7-factor model presumed to underline the item set of the traits section of AFECTS and information curve interpretation showed adequate levels of reliability for all trait-scores. Discussion The 7-factor model showed robust indicators of construct validity for the AFECTS.